THE ARM and HUMERUS

The arm is that portion of the upper extremity which is situated between the shoulder and the elbow. Its skeleton consists of a single bone, the humerus.

The HUMERUS

The Humerus is the longest and largest bone of the upper extremity; it presents for examination a shaft and two extremities.
The Upper Extremity presents a large, rounded head, joined to the shaft by a constricted portion, called the neck, and two other eminences, the greater and lesser tuberosities.
The head, nearly hemispherical in form/ is' directed upward, inward, and alittle backward, and articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula; its surface is smooth and coated with cartilage in the recent state. The circumference of its articular surface is slightly constricted, and is termed the anatomical neck, in contradistinction to the constriction which exists below the tuberosities. The latter is called the surgical neck, from its often being the seat of fracture.

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THE FIFTH OR TRIFACIAL NERVE.

Emerging from the upper end of the valve of Vieussens. the nerve is directed outward across the superior peduncle of the cerebellum, and then winds forward round the outer side of the crus cerebri, immediately above the pons Varolii, pierces the dura mater in the free border of the tentorium cerebel1i. just behind, and external to, the posterior clinoid process, and passes forward in the outer wall of the cavernous sinus, between the third nerve and the ophthalmic division of the fifth. It crosses the third nerve and enters the orbit through the sphe¬noidal fissure. It now becomes the highest of all the nerves, lying at the inner extremity of the fissure internal to the frontal nerve. In the orbit it passes inward, above the origin of the Levator palpebrse, and finally enters the orbital surface of the Superior oblique muscle. In the outer wall of the cavernous sinus this nerve is not infrequently blended with the ophthalmic division of the fifth. Branches of Communication.-In th...

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Humans Body Parts Informations

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