The Mastoid Portion.

The superior border is thin, bevelled at the expense of the internal surface, so as .to overlap the lower border of the parietal bone, forming the squamous suture. The position and size of this foramen are very variable. It is not always present; sometimes it is situated in the occipital bone or in the suture between the temporal and the occipital.

The mastoid portion is continued below into a conical projection, the mastoid process, the size and form of which vary somewhat. This process serves for the attachment of the Sterno-mastoid, ~Jllenius capitis, and 'rl'achelo-mastoid muscles. On the inner side of the mastoid process is a deep groove, the digastric fossa, for the attachment of the Diga"tric muscle; and, running parallel with it, but more internal, the occipital gronee. which lodges the occipital artery.

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THE HUMAN RIBS

A Rib from the middle of the series should be taken in order to study the common characters of the ribs. Each rib presents two extremities, a posterior or vertebral, an anterior or sternal, and an intervening portion-the body or shaft.The posterior or vertebral extremity presents for examination a head, neck, and tuberosity. The head is marked by a kidney-shaped articular surface, divided by. a horizontal ridge into two facets for articulation with the costal cavity formed by the junction of the bodies of two contiguous dorsal vertebrse ; the upper facet i- small, the inferior one of larger size; the ridge separating them serves for the attachment of the interarticular ligament. The neck is that flattened portion of the rib which extends outward from the head; it is about an inch long, and is p aced in front of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrte with 'hieh the head articulates. Its anterior surface is flat and smooth, its posterior roueh f r the attac...

Base Of The External Surface

External to the stylo-mastoid foramen is the auricular fissure, for the auricular branch of the pneumogastric, bounded behind by the mastoid process. Upon the inner side of the mastoid process is a deep groove, the digastric fossa; and a little more internally the occipital groove, for the occipital artery. At the base of the internal pterygoid plate is a large and somewhat triangular aperture, the foramen lacerum medium, bounded in front by the great wing of the sphenoid, behind by the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and internally by the body of the sphenoid and basilar process of the occipital bone: it presents in front the posterior orifice of the Vidian canal; behind, the aperture of the carotid canal. The basilar surface of this opening is filled in the recent state by fibro-cartilaginous substance f across its upper or cerebral aspect passes the internal carotid artery. External to this aperture the petro-sphenoidal suture is observed, at the outer termin...

Humans Body Parts Informations

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